EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION SYSTEM
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Bologna process. In 1999, a declaration of creating one unified system of higher education in Europe was signed in the city of Bologna, launching the initiative currently known as the Bologna Process. The goal of the Bologna Process was the creation of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) by 2012 and its further development. Officially Ukraine joined the Bologna Process in 2005.
In 2004, Ukrainian higher education institutions started the transition to a new credit and assessment system. In accordance with Order No 943 of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, dated October 16, 2009, the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) was introduced in Ukrainian higher education institutions along with other key tools, like student application form, study agreement, practical training and quality commitment agreement, academic statement, and European Diploma Supplement.
Credits. The implementation of the ECTS in Ukraine is provided by the Laws of Ukraine On Higher Education, On Professional Pre-higher Education, orders of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine on the implementation of the ECTS, key documents of higher education institutions and standards of higher education. The ECTS is a system of accumulation and transfer of credits used in the European Higher Education Area for the purpose of providing, recognizing, confirming qualifications and educational components, and promoting the academic mobility of higher education students. Credit is used as a measurement unit of the students’ educational load, necessary to achieve the expected learning outcomes.
Usually, the full-time study load of a full academic year in Ukraine is 60 ECTS credits. The volume of one ECTS credit is 30 hours.
The total amount of hours in an academic subject includes lecture, practical, seminar and laboratory classes, consultations, practices, independent work and assessment.
The amount of ECTS credits required for a higher education degree is determined by the state higher education standards and is specified in the educational program approved by the higher education institution and the curriculum developed by the higher education Institution on the basis of the relevant educational program.
Junior Bachelor. The study volume of the Junior Bachelor's degree program is 120 ECTS. The Junior Bachelor 's degree load for the applicants with previously obtained professional pre-higher education can be smaller due to the amount of transfered ECTS credits by admitting higher education institutions.
Bachelor. The Bachelor's degree load is 180-240 ECTS. The Bachelor's degree load for the applicants with previously obtained Junior Bachelor’s or Professional Junior Bachelor’s degrees can be smaller due to the amount of transfered ECTS credits by admitting higher education institutions (the maximum amount of transferred credits is determined by the state standard of higher education).
Master. The volume of the educational-professional master’s degree program is 90-120 ECTS, the volume of the educational-scientific program is 120 ECTS. Both programs include a research component of at least 30 percent.
The volume of the integrated master's degree program in medicine, pharmacy or veterinary field after complete general secondary education is 300-360 ECTS. The Master's degree load for the applicants with previously obtained Junior Bachelor’s or Professional Junior Bachelor’s degrees can be smaller due to the amount of the transfered ECTS credits by admitting higher education institutions (the maximum amount is determined by the state standard of higher education).
Doctor of Philosophy/Art. The amount of the educational component of the Doctor of Philosophy/Art is 30-60 ECTS.
The state final examinations are not measured by the ECTS, so the hours allocated to it are not included in the total number of credits.
The distribution of credits and allocation of the minimum amount of credits for core subjects (practical sessions, coursework and qualification projects) is determined by the industry standard of higher education. The higher education institutions make decisions on elective subjects (practical sessions and coursework) and their ECTS load for different programs, and they can also restructure programs, moving the ECTS from elective to core subjects. The higher education institutions are responsible for formation of curriculum components and elective subjects.
Credit transfer between institutions, including academic mobility programs with foreign institutions, is done based on the documents on education / periods of study and credits obtained in other educational institutions. The number of the ECTS credits may included in the European Diploma Supplement, which contains structured information about the qualification and completed studies, or in the academic transcript for incomplete studies.
Knowledge assessment. Before 2004, Ukrainian higher education institutions used a 4-point assessment scale. Starting from 2004, some institutions (or some of their departments) began to use the ECTS along with the 4-point scale as part of an experiment to introduce Bologna tools. In 2006/2007 academic year the ECTS were implemented for the first-year students in all higher education institutions, as follows:
- academic achievements were measured in ECTS points;
- the modules were structured according to the ECTS requirements; and
- examination results were evaluated on the ECTS scale (A–Fx).
Starting from the 2009/2010 academic year, the European credit transfer system and its key documents were introduced at all levels of higher education.
By the Law of Ukraine on Higher Education, higher education institutions have the right to use their rating assessments of the student’s achievements at their own discretion. Higher education institutions use 100-point rating scale, which corresponds to the 4-point scale like follows: 90-100 – ‘excellent, 75-89 – ‘good’, 60-74 – ‘satisfactory’, 0-59 – ‘fail’; and a 2-point scale with 60-100 – ‘passed, 0-59 – ‘fail’, introduced in Ukraine in 1993 by order of the Ministry of Education of Ukraine No. 161. Information about the grading scale is added to the Diploma Supplement.
Historical profile
This information has been produced with the financial assistance of the Council of Europe. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the Council of Europe.
